Periodic Table Class 10
Contents
What is periodic table class 10?
Hint: Periodic table is the representation of chemical elements arranged in the trend of some periodic properties. Modern periodic table is the representation of chemical elements in the increasing order of atomic numbers. The chemical elements are arranged in groups and periods.
Complete answer: Periodic table is the representation of chemical elements arranged according to various trends. Mosley arranged the periodic table in the increasing order of atomic numbers. But, he left some gaps in the periodic table. He named those elements by adding the prefix as eka and the preceding element in that group.
Mendeleev arranged the periodic table in the increasing order of atomic weights. But, he was not successful in completing the entire periodic table. Later, a modern periodic table was discovered with the complete elements. The chemical elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic numbers.
- These elements are arranged in vertical columns and horizontal rows.
- The vertical columns are called as groups and horizontal rows are called periods.
- There are a total of \ periods and \groups in the periodic table.
- Thus, modern periodic tables have \ periods and \groups.
- Note: The elements are divided into four blocks namely s, p, d and f blocks.
The s-block consists of the first two groups. The p-block consists of groups from \ to \. The d-block consists of groups from \ to \. But, f-block consists of elements in d-block and known as lanthanides and actinides.
What is periodic table in easy words?
The periodic table of chemical elements, often called the periodic table, organizes all discovered chemical elements in rows (called periods) and columns (called groups) according to increasing atomic number. Scientists use the periodic table to quickly refer to information about an element, like atomic mass and chemical symbol.
- The periodic table’s arrangement also allows scientists to discern trends in element properties, including electronegativity, ionization energy, and atomic radius.
- Many scientists worked on the problem of organizing the elements, but Dmitri Mendeleev published his first version of the periodic table in 1869, and is most often credited as its inventor.
Since then, the periodic table has evolved to reflect over 150 years of scientific development and understanding in chemistry and physics. Today, with 118 known elements, it is widely regarded as one of the most significant achievements in science.
What is the best way to study the periodic table?
It’s much easier to concentrate on memorizing things when you’ve set a certain amount of time for your study. It’s also best to divide your study session into a few smaller chunks. For instance, you can learn the periodic table for one hour, take a 15-minute break, and then go back to study for another hour.
Why is it called periodic?
Science >> Chemistry for Kids The Periodic Table is a way of listing the elements, Elements are listed in the table by the structure of their atoms. This includes how many protons they have as well as how many electrons they have in their outer shell. From left to right and top to bottom, the elements are listed in the order of their atomic number, which is the number of protons in each atom. Periodic Table of Elements Click for larger view Why is it called the Periodic Table? It is called “periodic” because elements are lined up in cycles or periods. From left to right elements are lined up in rows based on their atomic number (the number of protons in their nucleus).
Some columns are skipped in order for elements with the same number of valence electrons to line up on the same columns. When they are lined up this way, elements in the columns have similar properties. Each horizontal row in the table is a period. There are seven (or eight) total periods. The first one is short and only has two elements, hydrogen and helium.
The sixth period has 32 elements. In each period the left most element has 1 electron in its outer shell and the right most element has a full shell. Groups Groups are the columns of the periodic table. There are 18 columns or groups and different groups have different properties.
One example of a group is the noble or inert gases. These elements all line up in the eighteenth or last column of the periodic table. They all have a full outer shell of electrons, making them very stable (they tend not to react with other elements). Another example is the alkali metals which all align on the left-most column.
They are all very similar in that they have only 1 electron in their outer shell and are very reactive. You can see all the groups in the table below. This lining-up and grouping of similar elements helps chemists when working with elements. They can understand and predict how an element might react or behave in a certain situation.
- Element Abbreviations Each element has its own name and abbreviation in the periodic table.
- Some of the abbreviations are easy to remember, like H for hydrogen.
- Some are a bit harder like Fe for iron or Au for gold.
- For gold the “Au” comes from the Latin word for gold “aurum”.
- Who invented it? The periodic table was proposed by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.
Using the table, Mendeleev was able to accurately predict the properties of many elements before they were actually discovered. Fun facts about the Periodic Table
Carbon is unique in that it is known to form up to 10 million different compounds. Carbon is important to the existence of life. Francium is the rarest element on earth. There are probably no more than a few ounces of it on earth at any given time. The only letter not in the periodic table is the letter J. The country Argentina is named after the element silver (symbol Ag) which is argentum in Latin. Although there is helium on Earth, it was first discovered by observing the sun.
Activities Take a ten question quiz on this page. Listen to a reading of this page: Your browser does not support the audio element. Full Periodic Table Periodic Table with detailed information (click for larger view) More on the elements and the Periodic Table Elements More Chemistry Subjects Science >> Chemistry for Kids
