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What is long form of periodic table?

Long-form of the periodic table: The modern periodic table is also known as the long form of the periodic table. A modern periodic table is the arrangement of elements in the increasing order of atomic number in a tabular form.

Who gave the long form of periodic table?

Neils Bohr developed the long form of periodic table on the basis of Mosley’s principle.

What is the short form of the periodic table called?

The short form of the modern periodic table of the elements (also called Bohr’s table) is the most convenient Doubtnut is No.1 Study App and Learning App with Instant Video Solutions for NCERT Class 6, Class 7, Class 8, Class 9, Class 10, Class 11 and Class 12, IIT JEE prep, NEET preparation and CBSE, UP Board, Bihar Board, Rajasthan Board, MP Board, Telangana Board etc NCERT solutions for CBSE and other state boards is a key requirement for students.

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Get solutions for NEET and IIT JEE previous years papers, along with chapter wise NEET MCQ solutions. Get all the study material in Hindi medium and English medium for IIT JEE and NEET preparation : The short form of the modern periodic table of the elements (also called Bohr’s table) is the most convenient

What is the difference between the short and long form of the periodic table?

The difference between short period and long period is based upon the number of elements in each period. There are two short periods in the periodic table- the 2 nd period and the 3 rd period. Both these contain eight elements only. The long periods are the 4 th period and the 5 th period.

Are there 7 periods in the long form of the periodic table?

The given statement is absolutely correct. there are 7 periods and 18 groups in the modern periodic table.

What is the long form of the periodic table according to Bohr?

Table of Contents –

Arrangement in Periodic Table Groups Periods Frequently asked Questions (FAQ’s) Next – Importance and Limitations of Modern Periodic Table

The arrangement in periodic table is given by Bohr so it is also known as Bohr’s table or Long form of periodic table, This table is prepared on the basis of – (a) increasing order of atomic number or electronic configuration. (placed in a period) (b) same number of valence electron/electrons. Groups The 18 vertical columns are named or numbered as 1,2,3,18. Elements of each group has same number of valence electrons, so has similar properties. (a) Normal elements or representative elements – All the inner shells are completely filled, only the outermost shell is incomplete.

It includes group1 (alkali metal), 2 (alkaline earth metal) and group 13 to 17. (b) Transition elements – The outermost shell as well as second outermost shell (next to the outermost shell-penultimate shell) are incomplete. It includes elements from group 3 to group12. (c) Inner Transition elements or Rare earth elements – The last three shells (outermost shell and two shells next to outermost shells) are incomplete.

(i) Lanthanoids – Elements having atomic numbers from 58 to 71 are called lanthanoids and the series is called Lanthanide series. It is placed separately below the main table. (ii) Actinoids – Elements having atomic numbers from 90 to 103 are called actinoids and the series is called actinide series.

How are the elements arranged in the long form of the periodic table?

Elements are arranged according to increasing atomic numbers. Elements with similar properties are placed together.

Who invented short form of periodic table?

Periodic table of the chemical elements showing the most or more commonly named sets of elements (in periodic tables), and a traditional dividing line between metals and nonmetals, The f-block actually fits between groups 2 and 3 ; it is usually shown at the foot of the table to save space.

1. The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, arranges the chemical elements into rows (” periods “) and columns (” groups “).
2. It is an organizing icon of chemistry and is widely used in physics and other sciences.
3. It is a depiction of the periodic law, which says that when the elements are arranged in order of their atomic numbers an approximate recurrence of their properties is evident.

The table is divided into four roughly rectangular areas called blocks, Elements in the same group tend to show similar chemical characteristics. Vertical, horizontal and diagonal trends characterize the periodic table. Metallic character increases going down a group and decreases from left to right across a period.

• Nonmetallic character increases going from the bottom left of the periodic table to the top right.
• The first periodic table to become generally accepted was that of the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869; he formulated the periodic law as a dependence of chemical properties on atomic mass,
• As not all elements were then known, there were gaps in his periodic table, and Mendeleev successfully used the periodic law to predict some properties of some of the missing elements,

The periodic law was recognized as a fundamental discovery in the late 19th century. It was explained early in the 20th century, with the discovery of atomic numbers and associated pioneering work in quantum mechanics both ideas serving to illuminate the internal structure of the atom.

A recognisably modern form of the table was reached in 1945 with Glenn T. Seaborg ‘s discovery that the actinides were in fact f-block rather than d-block elements. The periodic table and law are now a central and indispensable part of modern chemistry. The periodic table continues to evolve with the progress of science.

In nature, only elements up to atomic number 94 exist; to go further, it was necessary to synthesise new elements in the laboratory. Today, while all the first 118 elements are known, thereby completing the first seven rows of the table, chemical characterisation is still needed for the heaviest elements to confirm that their properties match their positions.

What does xi stand for?

11 (number), XI in Roman numerals.

What is periodic table in one word?

The periodic table is a tabular array of the chemical elements organized by atomic number, from the element with the lowest atomic number, hydrogen, to the element with the highest atomic number, oganesson.

Which periodic table is the longest?

Detailed Solution. The sixth period is the longest period in the periodic table with 32 elements. There are 7 periods in the modern periodic table. Periods 6 and 7 are the longest periods in the periodic table.

Which is the longest period in the long form of periodic table?

The sixth period is called the longest period because it has a maximum of 32 elements.

What is the advantage of long form of periodic table?

Sachin Tyagi 31 Points 14 years ago Advantage of Long Form of Periodic Table :- The advantages of long form of periodic table are given below. i) The table is based on more fundamental property i.e. atomic number. ii) The correlates the position of elements with their electronic configuration more clearly.

1. Iii) The completion of each period is more logical.
2. In a period as the atomic number increases, the energy shells are gradually filed up until an inert gas configuration is reached.
3. Iv) It eliminates the even and odd series of IV, V and VI periods of Mendleefs periodic table.
4. V) The position of VIII group is also justified in this table.

All the transition elements have been brought in the muddle as the properties of transition elements are intermediate between s- and p-block elements. vi) Due to separation of two subgroups, dissimilar elements do not fall together. One vertical column accommodates elements with same electronic configuration thereby showing same properties.

Vii) The table completely separates metal and non metals. Non metals are presented in upper right corner or the periodic table. viii) There is a gradual change in properties of the elements with increase in their atomic numbers i.e.8, 8, 18, 18 and 32 elements which indicates the capacity of various periods of the table.

ix) The greatest advantage of this periodic table is that this can be divided into four blocks namely s-, p-d- and f- block elements. x) This arrangement of elements is easy to remember and reproduce. Devansh 15 Points 4 years ago 1. The table is based on more fundamental property i.e. atomic number. ii) The correlates the position of elements with their electronic configuration more clearly. iii) The completion of each period is more logical. In a period as the atomic number increases, the energy shells are gradually filed up until an inert gas configuration is reached.

• Iv) It eliminates the even and odd series of IV, V and VI periods of Mendleefs periodic table.
• V) The position of VIII group is also justified in this table.
• All the transition elements have been brought in the muddle as the properties of transition elements are intermediate between s- and p-block elements.

vi) Due to separation of two subgroups, dissimilar elements do not fall together. One vertical column accommodates elements with same electronic configuration thereby showing same properties. vii) The table completely separates metal and non metals. Non metals are presented in upper right corner or the periodic table.

• Viii) There is a gradual change in properties of the elements with increase in their atomic numbers i.e.8, 8, 18, 18 and 32 elements which indicates the capacity of various periods of the table.
• Ix) The greatest advantage of this periodic table is that this can be divided into four blocks namely s-, p-d- and f- block elements.

x) This arrangement of elements is easy to remember and reproduce.

Is the periodic table endless?

History – Heavier elements beyond the actinides were first proposed to exist as early as 1895, when the Danish chemist Hans Peter Jørgen Julius Thomsen predicted that thorium and uranium formed part of a 32-element period which would end at a chemically inactive element with atomic weight 292 (not far from the 294 known today for the first and only discovered isotope of oganesson ).

• In 1913, the Swedish physicist Johannes Rydberg similarly predicted that the next noble gas after radon would have atomic number 118, and purely formally derived even heavier congeners of radon at Z = 168, 218, 290, 362, and 460, exactly where the Aufbau principle would predict them to be.
• Niels Bohr predicted in 1922 the electronic structure of this next noble gas at Z = 118, and suggested that the reason why elements beyond uranium were not seen in nature was because they were too unstable.

The German physicist and engineer Richard Swinne published a review paper in 1926 containing predictions on the transuranic elements (he may have coined the term) in which he anticipated modern predictions of an island of stability : he first hypothesised in 1914 that half-lives should not decrease strictly with atomic number, but suggested instead that there might be some longer-lived elements at Z = 98–102 and Z = 108–110, and speculated that such elements might exist in the Earth’s core, in iron meteorites, or in the ice caps of Greenland where they had been locked up from their supposed cosmic origin.

1. By 1955, these elements were called superheavy elements.
2. The first predictions on properties of undiscovered superheavy elements were made in 1957, when the concept of nuclear shells was first explored and an island of stability was theorised to exist around element 126.
3. In 1967, more rigorous calculations were performed, and the island of stability was theorised to be centered at the then-undiscovered flerovium (element 114); this and other subsequent studies motivated many researchers to search for superheavy elements in nature or attempt to synthesize them at accelerators.

Many searches for superheavy elements were conducted in the 1970s, all with negative results. As of April 2022, synthesis has been attempted for every element up to and including unbiseptium ( Z = 127), except unbitrium ( Z = 123), with the heaviest successfully synthesized element being oganesson in 2002 and the most recent discovery being that of tennessine in 2010.

As some superheavy elements were predicted to lie beyond the seven-period periodic table, an additional eighth period containing these elements was first proposed by Glenn T. Seaborg in 1969. This model continued the pattern in established elements and introduced a new g-block and superactinide series beginning at element 121, raising the number of elements in period 8 compared to known periods.

These early calculations failed to consider relativistic effects that break down periodic trends and render simple extrapolation impossible, however. In 1971, Fricke calculated the periodic table up to Z = 172, and discovered that some elements indeed had different properties that break the established pattern, and a 2010 calculation by Pekka Pyykkö also noted that several elements might behave differently than expected.

Are there 18 or 8 groups?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the periodic table of the elements, each column is a group, In chemistry, a group (also known as a family ) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements, There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table; the 14 f-block columns, between groups 2 and 3, are not numbered.

1. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge ), because most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron.
2. There are three systems of group numbering for the groups; the same number may be assigned to different groups depending on the system being used.

The modern numbering system of “group 1” to “group 18” has been recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) since 1988. It replaces two older incompatible naming schemes, used by the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS, more popular in the United States), and by IUPAC before 1988 (more popular in Europe).

The system of eighteen groups is generally accepted by the chemistry community, but some dissent exists about membership of elements number 1 and 2 ( hydrogen and helium ). Similar variation on the inner transition metals continues to exist in textbooks, although the correct positioning has been known since 1948 and was twice endorsed by IUPAC in 1988 (together with the 1–18 numbering) and 2021.

Groups may also be identified using their topmost element, or have a specific name. For example, group 16 is also described as the “oxygen group” and as the ” chalcogens “. An exception is the ” iron group “, which usually refers to ” group 8 “, but in chemistry may also mean iron, cobalt, and nickel, or some other set of elements with similar chemical properties.

Why there are only 18 groups in periodic table?

Why do some periodic tables have 18 groups while others have 8? Unfortunately, life sometimes is more complicated than school 🙂 Using 8 groups works well to teach the basic principle, but higher shells have space for more electrons. (And lower shells for fewer – ever wondered why there are only two elements in the first period?) Hence, you’ll get 18 electrons in the next shell (the “transition metals”), then 32 electrons (“Lanthanides/Actinides”) – the general rule is $2n^2$, where $n$ is the number of the period.

This is unfortunately made even more complex, as the energies of the shells are not quite what one would expect and they are not filled “in order.” One probably should stop speaking of “shells” at this point and move towards “orbitals.” Anyway, the community has pretty much settled on using 18 groups nowadays.

The idea behind the periodic system is to find regularities (hence the name) between elements. It turns out, that individual groups and trends within them are similar in the 8 “main” groups (as you have learned). In the transition metals, there are still a fair few regularities, that justify this arrangement – but they are already a lot more similar to each other than say alkali-metals and halides.

1. The Lantanides/Actinides finally are so similar to one another, that they are “grouped” (although they in fact are part of a period) together – they in fact so similar, that they usually only occur in mixtures in nature, and separating them is quite hard.
2. Finally: no heavier atoms have been discovered so far that would have to go into an even bigger “shell”/orbital.

Hence, one could justify up to 32 groups, but for practical reasons, 18 are conventionally used. : Why do some periodic tables have 18 groups while others have 8?

What is long form and modern periodic table?

The modern or long form of the periodic table is based on the modern periodic law. The table is the arrangement of elements in increasing order of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table is the present form of the periodic table. And it consists of 18 vertical columns and 7 horizontal rows.

What is the electron configuration of as long form?

The electronic configuration of arsenic is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s 2 3 p 6 4 s 2 3 d 10 4 p 3.

What are the longest and shortest periods in periodic table?

The first period of the periodic table is the shortest period of the periodic table. The sixth period of the periodic table is the longest period of the periodic table. Was this answer helpful?

What is the difference between the old and new periodic table?

What is the main difference between the modern and earlier periodic table? The main difference is that the elements in early versions of the periodic table were sorted by mass number, but in the modern table they are sorted by atomic number. Some more background on this: The very first chemists first sorted the elements by mass and looked for patterns in the list.

1. Newlands noticed that patterns seemed to repeat every 8 elements (hence the table he deviced became known as Newland’s octaves).
2. But this pattern broke down due to the strict ordering by atomic mass.
3. Some elements were placed in the same groups that didn’t have the same properties like iron and oxygen.

Mendeleev came closer with his early version of the periodic table, at the time he had no knowledge of subatomic particles like protons, neutrons and electrons.hen he first sorted the elements it was by atomic mass. Because of this he first sorted by the elements by mass, but critically he made exceptions to this rule and swapped some elements around when the chemical properties didn’t fit in with the group they were sorted into.

He also left gaps where he felt elements should be. That was his genius insight. Those gaps allowed his table to be tested and proven right. Those elements have since been discovered on the modern periodic table and they fit right in where he predicted they would. The modern periodic table sorts the elements by their atomic number (which tells you the number of protons in the nucleus) and not by mass.

: What is the main difference between the modern and earlier periodic table?

What is the difference between the original periodic table and the modern periodic table?

Hint: In the Mendeleev’s Periodic Table, elements were arranged on the basis of their atomic masses while in the Modern Periodic Table, elements were arranged on the basis of their atomic numbers. Complete answer: Mendeleev interpreted a relationship between the elements.

1. He stated that the properties such as the chemical and physical properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses.
2. While arranging the elements on the basis of atomic masses certain discrepancies were found.
3. It had certain drawbacks.
4. Moseley showed that the elements could be arranged on the basis of their atomic numbers in a periodic table.

The Modern Periodic Law states that the properties such as the chemical and physical properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. The major differences between the Mendeleev’s Periodic Law and the Modern Periodic Law are:

MENDELEEV’S PERIODIC LAW	MODERN PERIODIC LAW
The properties such as the chemical and physical properties are said to be the periodic function of their atomic masses.	The properties such as the chemical and physical properties are said to be the periodic function of their atomic numbers.
The classification will be based on the formulas of hydrides and oxides.	The classification will be based on the electronic configuration of the elements.
Noble elements were not included in the periodic table.	Noble elements were included in the periodic table.
In this periodic table, the elements with larger atomic masses are placed before the elements with smaller atomic masses.	The elements are arranged according to the increasing order of their atomic number and atomic masses.
Due to different atomic weight, isotopes are placed in different positions.	Due to same atomic number, the isotopes are placed in same position
In Group VIII, the elements such as Fe, Co, Ni are placed together.	But in this periodic table, the elements such as Fe, Co, Ni are placed in the d-block.

Some drawbacks of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table were: No reasons were given for the triad elements of VIII group. Such special groupings are not given in the modern table. In the Mendeleev’s periodic table, there were 63 elements which were arranged as only 63 were known at that time.

Atomic number is found to be a fundamental property differentiating each element and therefore has a better basic nature to decide the physical and chemical properties of elemental atoms than atomic weights. Note: This is to be noted that the main difference between the two laws is based on how they classify elements.

Mendeleev’s Law classifies elements based on their atomic weights while the Modern Periodic Law classifies the elements based on their atomic number.