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THE RUDIMENTS OF REFERENCING IN PROJECT/RESEARCH WORKS Project or research work cannot be said to be complete if there are references. Reference in every project work comes after the summary and conclusion. Reference is simply a detailed description of the document or materials consulted during the project work.

Bibliography can also be said to be a list of publications consulted while writing the paper, project or research work. Reference is slightly more detailed when compared to bibliography. There are generally accepted means of referencing, in referencing authors of documents consulted in writing your project or paper, the following information is required for your reference to be termed “professional” 1.

The author name(s) as they appear in the document you consulted.2. The title of the book(s) consulted.3. The year of publication of the material. In referencing, most project supervisors do not accept references of more than a decade old i.e.10 years old from the time your research work is being carried out, this is because the findings or postulation from the book or document may have been improved upon or better still altered.

1. So most supervisors prefer their student to consult books, publications or papers that are not older than 10 years from the year of your project work.
2. In citing your references in your main work, the surnames, year of publication and page number of the book or publication you are citing should be fully stated.

In citing of references in the main body of the project or research work, the title of the paper, publication, journal or book is not required. Referencing enable others to effectively trace the sources of your project or where the ideas used for the research are sourced from.

Referencing is one of the most important aspects of, this is because when references are not included the work ceases to be a research work and this may not go down well with your project supervisor which could lead to outright cancellation of the work or scoring low grades in your project work. Below is an example of how citation is carried out in a research work: “It Takes place mostly under very deplorable conditions.

However, the traffickers make use of boats and on canoes to cross oceans and seas without sufficient preparation for the feeding and wellbeing of the persons on board.

• Sea transportation is used to traffic persons from Nigeria, Ivory Coast and Ghana to countries in central Africa such as Gabon, Guinea and Cameroon, (ILO, 2001: 12).”
• Looking at the above example, the authors name, the year of the material’s publication and then the page being referenced or cited is fully written or represented.
• Looking at how references are drafted at the end of the project work, the example below would help greatly:

“Osuala, E.C. (2007) Introduction to research methodology, 3rd edition Africana-first publishers Ltd. Peter F. Drunker (1954), the practice of, U.S. A, free press limited.

1. Philip kotler (2009, Marketing management 13th edition pearson education, Inc.
2. P.R Smith (1997) Marketing communication, An Integrated Approach, Kogan page limited, Pentonvill Road London
3. Simon Majero, (1986), International marketing, A strategic approach to world market, Britain Mackey of chat ham ltd.”

: THE RUDIMENTS OF REFERENCING IN PROJECT/RESEARCH WORKS

What is a project reference?

Add references from one project to another in the Project References panel of a project’s Properties dialog in StreamBase Studio. To open the Project References panel, open the Project Properties dialog for the project that will use the resources in another project, as described in StreamBase Project Properties,

What is a reference example?

What are examples of a reference? Examples of references include chapters of a book, academic journal articles, newspapers, graphs, charts, and images. Videos, websites, and social media content are also examples of references.

What is a good example of a reference?

A reference letter is a letter of recommendation from a former company (outside source) to provide along with new job applications and to new organizations. The letter highlights the skills of the person, the qualifications, and the responsibilities portrayed in the former organization.

• Employees often seek an employee reference from existing companies.
• It is essential to keep few things in mind while writing an employee reference letter.
• Think carefully about approval for writing the reference Make sure that you give your approval to write the reference only if you can write a positive reference/recommendation.

Don’t write the reference if you’re not comfortable doing it. It’s wise to decline than to jot down something that’s not a strong endorsement of the person. Prioritise job description Ask the employee for the copy of the job description wherein they have applied the new job.

• Review the description and then jot down how the employee will be an efficient match for the position.
• If you will write a general recommendation/reference, ask for details about the position and the industry they are applying to.
• Collect information about the person Before writing down the reference, it is essential to know more about the person, the skills, capabilities and everything required for jotting down a good reference.

Ask for a copy of the CV of the person so that you get a fair idea about the roles and responsibilities that the person undertook in earlier company and the skills of the person. Include relevant examples Mention examples how the employee stood out as an asset to the company.

• Try to incorporate the skills portrayed and give numbers, if possible, to quantify the success of the person.
• Be positive Always write the reference in the positive sense.
• Highlight the person as a strong candidate and incorporate words like you would “recommend the person without any reservation,” or you “would hire the person again”.

Emphasize the words in the beginning and conclusion of the reference. Share your contact information Provide your contact details for the employer to contact you for any further questions. Include the email address, phone number, or both at the end of the reference.

1. Sample Reference Letter To Whom It May Concern: I would like to recommend (name of the person) as a candidate for a position with your organization.
2. In his/her position as (position name), (person name) was employed in our office from (year-year).
3. Throughout the time with our organization, he/she demonstrated critical skills that would make him/her an excellent employee at your company.

(Person name) did a terrific job in his/her position and was an asset to our organization during his/her tenure with the office. He/ She has excellent written and verbal communication skills, is extremely organized, can work independently, and is able to effectively multi-task to ensure that all projects are completed in a timely manner.

• Because of his/her effectiveness, I even gave him/her additional responsibilities, including developing a training program for our interns.
• Person name) went above and beyond in that assignment, as he/she does in all tasks.
• Person name) was always willing to offer his/her assistance and had an excellent rapport with the many constituents served by our office including clients, employers, and other professional organizations.

This would be particularly valuable for your company, as you state you are looking for a candidate who can effectively communicate with people across departments. He/ She would be an asset to any employer, and I wholeheartedly recommend him/her for any endeavor he/she chooses to pursue.

What is a reference in project research?

Citations, References and Bibliography in Research Papers – Researcher. Life Photo by MART PRODUCTION from Pexels As an academician, terms such as citations, references and bibliography might be a part of almost every work-related conversation in your daily life. However, many researchers, especially during the early stages of their academic career, may find it hard to differentiate between citations, references and bibliography in research papers and often find it confusing to implement their usage.

If you are amongst them, this article will provide you with some respite. Let us start by first understanding the individual terms better. Citation in research papers: A citation appears in the main text of the paper. It is a way of giving credit to the information that you have specifically mentioned in your research paper by leading the reader to the original source of information.

You will need to use citation in research papers whenever you are using information to elaborate a particular concept in the paper, either in the introduction or discussion sections or as a way to support your research findings in the results section.

• Reference in research papers: A reference is a detailed description of the source of information that you want to give credit to via a citation.
• The references in research papers are usually in the form of a list at the end of the paper.
• The essential difference between citations and references is that citations lead a reader to the source of information, while references provide the reader with detailed information regarding that particular source.

Bibliography in research papers: A bibliography in research paper is a list of sources that appears at the end of a research paper or an article, and contains information that may or may not be directly mentioned in the research paper. The difference between reference and bibliography in research is that an individual source in the list of references can be linked to an in-text citation, while an individual source in the bibliography may not necessarily be linked to an in-text citation.

1. It’s understandable how these terms may often be used interchangeably as they are serve the same purpose – namely to give intellectual and creative credit to an original idea that is elaborated in depth in a research paper.
2. One of the easiest ways to understand when to use an in-text citation in research papers, is to check whether the information is an ongoing work of research or if it has been proven to be a ‘fact’ through reproducibility.

If the information is a proven fact, you need not specifically add the original source to the list of references but can instead choose to mention it in your bibliography. For instance, if you use a statement such as “The effects of global warming and climate changes on the deterioration of environment have been described in depth”, you need not use an in-text citation, but can choose to mention key sources in the bibliography section.

• An example of a citation in a research paper would be if you intend to elaborate on the impact of climate change in a particular population and/or a specific geographical location.
• In this case, you will need to add an in-text citation and mention the correct source in the list of references.
• We hope this simplifies your understanding of the three terms.

Still, if the difference between citation and bibliography or the difference between reference and bibliography is something that confuses you, here’s a short comparison chart you should keep handy for reference.

	Citations	References	Bibliography
Purpose	To lead a reader toward a source of information included in the text	To elaborate on of a particular source of information cited in the research paper	To provide a list of all relevant sources of information on the research topic
Placement	In the main text	At the end of the text; necessarily linked to an in-text citation	At the end of the text; not necessarily linked to an in-text citation
Information	Minimal; denoting only the essential components of the source, such as numbering, names of the first and last authors, etc.	Descriptive; gives complete details about a particular source that can be used to find and read the original paper if needed	Descriptive; gives all the information regarding a particular source for those who want to refer to it

Now that you have understood the basic similarities and differences in these terms, you should also know that every journal follows a particular style and format for these elements. So when working out how to write citations and add references in research papers, be mindful of using the preferred style of your target journal before you submit your research document.

What are 3 examples of reference sources?

What are reference books (or reference sources)? | SFU Library Use reference books (also called ) to get quick specific facts or information or an overview of a subject. Some examples of reference sources are: dictionaries, encyclopedias, bibliographies, almanacs, directories, atlases, and handbooks.