Education Portal for Students in India

Woods Despatch (1854) Charles Wood prepared a despatch on an educational system for India in 1854. This document, known as the ‘Magna Carta of English Education in India,’ was the first comprehensive plan for the spread of education in India.
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Who sent an educational despatch to the governor in India in 1854?

In 1854, Sir Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the British East India Company, sent a formal dispatch to Lord Dalhousie, the then Governor-General of India, suggesting a large shift to English language use within India.
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Who dispatched the English education system in 1854?

Ans.1 The Wood Despatch was introduced in 1854 by Charles Wood.
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WHO issued the education Dispatch in India?

Who was Charles Wood and what was Wood’s Despatch? – Charles Wood was the President of the Board of Control (Introduced through ) of English East India Company. He had also been the Secretary of the state of India. He had a great impact on disseminating education in India.

1. In 1854 he sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie, the then Governor-General of India.
2. Wood’s despatch suggested that primary schools must Adopt vernacular languages.
3. Through the despatch, he also suggested that high schools use anglo-vernacular medium and that English should be the medium for college-level education.

Hence, the Wood’s Despatch is considered as ‘ Magna-Carta’ of English Education in India.
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Who prepared the 1854 education policy?

In 1854, the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London sent an educational despatch to the Governor-General in India. Issued by Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the Company, it has come to be known as Wood’s Despatch.
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Who is known as Magna Carta of Indian education?

The correct option is A Wood’s Despatch. The Wood’s Despatch is known as the ‘Magna Carta’ of English education in India. It was the first declaration of British education policy for educating the masses at all levels.
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What is Wood’s despatch also known as?

Hint: Sir Charles Wood, who is a British liberal politician, had a great contribution to spreading English learning and education of females in India. He also suggested various vernacular medium-high schools. Wood’s Despatch is called Magna Carta. It came in July 1854 by Charles Wood.

1. Step by step answer: In 1854 Charles Wood had sent the Wood’s Despatch to the Governor-General Lord Dalhousie, and it primarily dealt with educational reforms.
2. And this creates a huge change in the education policy of the British.
3. Its main motto is to separate the education department.
4. All the Universities were set up at Presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras.

Wood had suggested different opinions towards education departments like primary school must adopt the vernacular language, high schools must adopt Anglo-vernacular language and at the college level, English should be the medium of education. Different kinds of institutions were set up like the Universities of Madras in 1857, Universities of Calcutta, Universities of Bombay, Universities of Punjab in 1882, and Universities of Allahabad in 1887.

• By this educational reform, at least one government school will be opened in every district.
• Indian natives should be given training in their mother tongue.
• The education of women should be highlighted.
• The government supports women’s education.
• Teacher’s training and promotion at all levels.
• English education should be promoted.

Wood’s Despatch made the government realize the importance of education for people. So, the correct answer is Option C Note Wood Despatch encourages language teaching. As a result, regional language and classical language were taught in school. Wood’s dispatch suggested that schools should adopt vernacular languages.
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Why wood despatch is called Magna Carta?

Answer and Explanation: Wood’s dispatch was called the Magna Carta of Indian Education because it aimed to give more education liberties and freedoms to the people of India and advance their education system.
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Who is the father of English education in India?

On this day in 1835, Lord Macaulay successfully westernised education in India; English was made the official language for the government and courts, and was adopted as the official medium of instruction. – Macaulay v/s traditional languages : Ever wondered why we use UK English in India? Thomas Babington, better known as Lord Macaulay, is the man who brought the English language and British education to India. His highly debatable introduction of the English language and the approach to minimalise the use of traditional languages makes an interesting read.
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When was Wood’s despatch introduced in India?

Charles Wood first introduced the Wood Despatch in 1854. In India, it is referred to as the Magna Carta of English Education. It paved the way for the use of vernacular languages in primary education and the English language in higher education in India.
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Who implemented Wood’s despatch in India?

LORD DALHOUSIE (Governor-General of India: 1848-56) Lord Dalhousie, Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856 was born on 22 April 1812. He introduced the Doctrine of Lapse policy which turned out to be one of the major causes of the Revolt of 1857.
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When was an education Dispatch submitted?

Wood’s Dispatch Comprehensive education system and organizational structure :You have seen as to how Macaulay’s Minute influenced educational policy of Lord William Bentinck, which was in force for next 40 years. In 1853, when renewal of the Company charter again came for the consideration, the British Parliament examined the progress of education in India.

The observations and suggested reforms were issued as a Charter of Education, known as Wood’s Dispatch of 1854. Wood’s Dispatch is considered to be the “Magna Carta of Education” in India. The Dispatch is a comprehensive important educational document and holds a unique place in the history of Indian education.

It placed the responsibility of education of the Indian people fully on the company and made it quite clear that it must never be neglected. The Dispatch gave new direction to education in India and which has its impact on today’s education in the country.

1. The aim of education was stated as diffusion of European Arts, Science, Philosophy and Literature through English.
2. Promotion of Indian languages was also to be encouraged.
3. Creation of a class of public servants”, was the important objective.
4. For this purpose, expansion of mass education was given priority.

The Wood’s Dispatch, for the first time, recommended the creation of a Department of Public Instruction in each of the five provinces of Bengal, Bombay, Madras, Punjab and the North Western province. For higher education, a scheme to establish universities was formulated along with total organizational set up.

1. They were to conduct examinations and offer degrees in various subjects and languages.
2. This led to the establishment of the first three universities in 1857, at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.
3. The Dispatch made important recommendations on most of the aspects of education like establishing network of graded schools all over the country such as elementary schools, high schools, intermediate, colleges and university, etc., grant in aid system for financial support to schools, provision for women education, training and professional development of teachers, establishment of medical, engineering law and other institutes of professional education to develop vocational efficiency of people.

The importance of wood’s dispatch was in a number of valuable and fundamental recommendations for future educational development in India. It gave new direction to issues like gradation of education, medium of instruction and proposed new schemes for future educational development in India with far reaching consequences.

The main provisions of the document were of great historical importance. It provided a boost to secondary education and to some extent to primary education also. It was however observed that some of the most important recommendations of the Dispatch were not carried out for a long time and some were given effect in a distorted form.

During the first thirty years after the Dispatch, government institutions gradually increased, but except the Christian Missionaries, other private efforts were not encouraged. Plans to spread mass education were not realized nor were vernacular high schools established.

1. It did not sincerely promote universal literacy.
2. The Dispatch could not visualize the progress of Indian aspirations even after a century.
3. As you know soon after 1857 revolt, the East India Company was dissolved and the government came directly under the British Crown.
4. As a consequence, efforts were made to consolidate the empire and education was somewhat neglected.

Hunter Commission Vocationalization of Education: Hunter Commission was appointed in 1882 to examine the implementation of the Dispatch of 1854, which tried to streamline school education into two streams of high school: one leading to the university education and the other to the commercial, vocational and technical education.

This was the first attempt to diversify school curriculum and introduce vocational education. However, despite the specific recommendations and emphasis of the Hunter Commission on commercial, vocational or non-literary education, neither the public nor the Govt. appreciated the value of this practical suggestion and the recommendations were totally ignored.

Not much was done in this regard in last hundred fifty years, not even in free India
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Which is the first education policy in India?

1968 – Based on the report and recommendations of the Kothari Commission (1964–1966), the government headed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi announced the first National Policy on Education in 1968, which called for a “radical restructuring” and proposed equal educational opportunities in order to achieve national integration and greater cultural and economic development.

The policy called for fulfilling compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14, as stipulated by the and specialized training and qualification of teachers. The policy called for a focus on the learning of regional languages, outlining the “” to be implemented in secondary education – the instruction of the, the official language of the state where the school was based, and,

Language education was seen as essential to reduce the gulf between the and the masses. Although the decision to adopt Hindi as the national language had proven controversial, the policy called for the use and learning of Hindi to be encouraged uniformly to promote a common language for all Indians.
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WHO adopted NEP first?

Implementation –

• In early August 2021, Karnataka became the first state to issue an order with regard to implementing NEP.
• On 26 th August 2021, Madhya Pradesh implemented NEP 2020.
• Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath said the National Education Policy-2020 will be implemented in phases by 2022.
• The Telangana State government has decided to implement the newly announced National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) in the State.
• Maharashtra CM Uddhav Thackeray directs to appoint experts’ committee for implementation of new education policy.
• Andhra Chief Minister Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy has directed officials of the Education Department to implement the National Education Policy 2020 in letter and spirit across the State.
• Rajasthan Governor Kalraj Mishra said that NEP 2020 will be implemented in phased manner.
• The Chief Minister of Assam, Himanta Biswa Sarma said that NEP 2020 will be implemented from 1 April 2022.
• In April 2022, the UGC (University Grants Commission) approved simultaneous dual degrees, both in physical and online modes.
• In October 2022, Ministry of Education released New Curriculum Framework for 3-8 years children and National Credit Framework inline of NEP 2020.
• Goa would implement 100% NEP form 2023 in Higher Education

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When was the first education policy in India?

In 1968 the Government of India had formulated the National Policy on Education, in response to the recommendations of the Kothari Commission.
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Who introduced Magna Carta in India?

Which part of the Constitution is called the Magna Carta? Part III of the Constitution is described as the Magna Carta of India. It contains a very long and comprehensive list of ‘justiciable’ fundamental rights. In fact, the Fundamental Rights in our constitution are more elaborate than those found in the Constitution of any other country in the world, including the USA. : Which part of the Constitution is called the Magna Carta?
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What is the other name of education commission 1964?

Results of Kothari Commission Recommendations –

The education system at the national level was aligned in 10+2+3 pattern, as recommended by the Kothari Commission. One of the most important recommendations of the Kothari Commission was the National Policy on Education. The Bill was passed in the Parliament under the leadership of former Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi. It has been reported that even the National Policy on Education in 1986 (which was formulated under the leadership of former Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi), was influenced by recommendations of Kothari Commission. As per recommendations of Kothari Commission, the education sector in India was stratified into national bodies, state bodies and Central Board.

Kothari Commission – UPSC Notes:- Central Advisory Board of India decided to set up two commissions, University education commission (1948) to report on the status of Indian university education and Mudaliar Commission (1952-53) to deal with secondary education.

• In accordance with the recommendations of Kothari commission, the National education policy of 1968 was formulated.
• It intended to promote a language of the Southern States in Hindi speaking states.
• It intended to promote Hindi, English and a regional language in non-Hindi speaking states.
• The Kothari Commission recommended promoting regional languages, Sanskrit as well as international languages, preferably English.

The Kothari Commission was appointed by the Central government to look into the educational aspects and revamp the sector in order to set guidelines for the pattern of education in India. The first education commission in India was the Hunter Commission.

It was set up on February 3, 1882 under the Chairmanship of Sir William Hunter, a member of the Executive Council of Viceroy. Kothari Commission was formed on 14 July 1964 under the Chairmanship Daulat Singh Kothari. He was the then chairman of University Grants Commission (UGC). Candidates can find the general pattern of the UPSC Exams by visiting the page.

Related Links : Kothari Commission (1964-66) – Facts, Objectives, Recommendations
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What is the full form of RTE Act?

Departmen of School Education & Literacy The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine.

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards.

Article 21-A and the RTE Act came into effect on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free and compulsory’. ‘Free education’ means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.

‘Compulsory education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6-14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act.

The RTE Act provides for the:

Right of children to free and compulsory education till completion of elementary education in a neighbourhood school. It clarifies that ‘compulsory education’ means obligation of the appropriate government to provide free elementary education and ensure compulsory admission, attendance and completion of elementary education to every child in the six to fourteen age group. ‘Free’ means that no child shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education. It makes provisions for a non-admitted child to be admitted to an age appropriate class. It specifies the duties and responsibilities of appropriate Governments, local authority and parents in providing free and compulsory education, and sharing of financial and other responsibilities between the Central and State Governments. It lays down the norms and standards relating inter alia to Pupil Teacher Ratios (PTRs), buildings and infrastructure, school-working days, teacher-working hours. It provides for rational deployment of teachers by ensuring that the specified pupil teacher ratio is maintained for each school, rather than just as an average for the State or District or Block, thus ensuring that there is no urban-rural imbalance in teacher postings. It also provides for prohibition of deployment of teachers for non-educational work, other than decennial census, elections to local authority, state legislatures and parliament, and disaster relief. It provides for appointment of appropriately trained teachers, i.e. teachers with the requisite entry and academic qualifications. It prohibits (a) physical punishment and mental harassment; (b) screening procedures for admission of children; (c) capitation fee; (d) private tuition by teachers and (e) running of schools without recognition, It provides for development of curriculum in consonance with the values enshrined in the Constitution, and which would ensure the all-round development of the child, building on the child’s knowledge, potentiality and talent and making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety through a system of child friendly and child centered learning.

: Departmen of School Education & Literacy
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Who called Wood’s despatch Magna Carta?

Answer: Wood’s Dispatch / Despatch is known as Magna Carta (Magna Charta) of Indian Education. Wood’s Dispatch was an act of 1854 implemented by the British rulers during pre-independent India. The despatch was presented by Sir Charles Wood to the directors of the British East India Company.

Woods was Secretary of State for India at that time. It professed the promotion of the western education in India. As a result of this charter Education Departments were established in every province. Universities at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were opened for higher education. The act spread western education in India which initially benefitted the Britishers for creating a workforce of clerks.

But after they left, the Indian Education system followed the same pattern but to spread education. That is why it is known as Magna Carta of Indian Education. As for Magna Carta, it is a Latin Term which stands for ‘ Great Charter ‘, meaning a ‘Great Paper’.

Also known as ‘Magna Carta Libertatum’ meaning ‘Great Charter of Freedoms’ it is an English legal charter, originally issued at Runnymede, June 15, 1215, Magna Carta was initiated by the subjects of King John of England, These subjects were Barons who adopted this charter to limit the power of the king through certain laws and protect their privileges.

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Who said Wood’s despatch is Magna Carta?

Charles Wood served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1846 until 1852. Later, he was chosen to lead the Board of Control of the East India Company. In 1854, he delivered the ‘Wood’s dispatch’ to Lord Dalhousie, the governor-general.2.
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Who appointed Wood’s despatch?

Wood’s Despatch On Education

Wood’s Despatch on Education in 1854 laid the foundation on which the educational system has since developed. Various problems related to education in India had become one of the key concerns of the British government by 1853. In order to provide a solution, the secretary of state of that time, Sir Charles Wood, presented a despatch to the directors of the British East India Company. The despatch expressed that education in English as well as Indian local languages should be enhanced and encouraged through out the nation. According to Charles Wood, the English institutions could serve as the useful model for education. In 1854, Wood prepared his comprehensive despatch on the scheme of the future education in India. The despatch came to be considered as the Magna Carta of English education in India. The Scheme of education, as proposed by Wood’s Despatch, envisaged a co-ordinated system of education through out the country.

Recommendations of Wood’s Despatch

The Wood’s despatch proposed several recommendations in order to improve the system of education. According the recommendations, it was declared that the aim of Government’s policy was the promotion of the western education. In his despatch he emphasised on the education of art, science, philosophy and literature of Europe. In short, the propagation of the European knowledge was the motto of the Wood’s Despatch. According to the despatch, for the higher education, the chief medium of instruction would be English. However, the significance of the vernacular language was no less emphasised as Wood believed that through the mediums of vernacular language, European knowledge could reach to the masses. Wood’s Despatch also proposed the setting up of several vernacular primary schools in the villages at the lowest stage. Moreover, there should be Anglo-Vernacular high schools and an affiliated college in the district level. Wood’s Despatch recommended a system of grants-in-aid to encourage and foster the private enterprise in the field of education. The grants-in-aid were conditional on the institution employing qualified teachers and maintaining proper standards of teaching.

Universities under Wood’s Despatch

Department of Public Instruction was set up under the Charge of a Director, in each of the five provinces of the Company’s territories. This Department was entrusted with the charge of reviewing the progress of education in the province and submit an annual report to the government. Universities, based on the model of London Universities, were proposed for Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai. Even the administrative body of the University followed the models laid down by the London University. There was a Senate House, a Chancellor, a Vice Chancellor and fellows- all were nominated by the Government of India. The universities were entitled to hold examinations and conferred degree. Moreover, a University might set up professorship in various branches of learning. Wood’s Despatch emphasised the importance of the vocational instruction and the needs for establishing technical schools and colleges. The Wood’s Despatch gave cordial support for the promotion of the women education in India. However, the new scheme of education proposed by the Wood’s Despatch was merely an imitation of the English models. Almost all the proposals of the Wood’s despatch were implemented. The Department of Public instructions were organized in 1855 and the earlier Committee of Public instruction and Council of education was replaced. Three Universities of Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai came into existence in the year 1857. Later mostly due to Bethune’s effort, separate girl’s schools were set up and brought under the control of the Government of India. Several grants-in-aid were also provided for the promotion of the women education. The ideals and methods advocated in Wood’s Despatch had dominated the educational scenario of India for a protracted period of time. During this period India witnessed a period of complete westernisation of the educational system. The Western system of education gradually replaced the indigenous methods of education and learning. Most of the educational institutions during this time were run by the European teachers, who were the part of the Education Department of the Government of India. The Missionary institutions played its own part and managed a number of institutions. Gradually private Indian effort appeared in the field of education.

: Wood’s Despatch On Education
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What was Wood’s despatch Class 8 history?

In 1854 Charles Wood, a British Liberal politician sent the ‘Wood’s despatch’ to the Governor General Lord Dalhousie. It recommended that the existing Board of Control for Education be abolished and the office of the Director of Public Instructions should be established in the states.
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What is Magna Carta of 1854?

The correct answer is Wood’s Dispatch on Education,1854. The Wood’s Despatch is considered as ‘Magna-Carta’ of English Education in India.
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Why is Wood’s despatch 1854 considered to be the Magna Carta of Indian education?

Answer and Explanation: Wood’s dispatch was called the Magna Carta of Indian Education because it aimed to give more education liberties and freedoms to the people of India and advance their education system.
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