What Is Obesity In Physical Education Class 12?
Physical Education Class 12 Notes Chapter 3 Yoga and Lifestyle – Asana as Preventive Measures Asana refer to the many positions in which a person sits or stands to do yoga. It is a Sanskrit word which means a ‘physical posture’. Various types of physical postures or asanas means bending and stretching the body.
- This stimulates blood circulation, balance the nervous system, benefits the various systems running in our body like digestive system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscles, joints etc.
- Asanas are beneficial for the mind, psyche and chakras (energy centres) thus preventing from many types of lifestyle diseases.
Asanas also help in receiving stress, treating anxiety and make a person mentally rejuvenated. Obesity The excess weight or deposition of excess fats on body is called obesity. It leads to various diseases like diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, lowered pulmonary functions, lowers life expectancy.
- Obesity is a condition where your Body Mass Index (BMI) is higher than 30.
- There are various reasons of obesity such as lack of proper exercise, eating habits, psychological factors, endocrine glands problems, familial tendency.
- Males are at high risk during age 29 to 35 and females are at risk during the age 45 to 49.
The risk increases with age. Various asanas can be practised effectively to reduce the weight, control obesity and achieve normal healthy condition of body and mind. The major asanas to control obesity are Vajrasana, Hastasana, Trikonasana and Ardha Matsyendrasana.
It is done in sitting posture. Stand on the knees with the lower legs, together and stretched backwards, the two, big toes crossing each other. Lower the body and sit on your heels. Rest your buttocks on the heels and the thighs on the calf muscles. Keep the hands on the knees and keep the head straight. Concentrate on breathing, start inhalation and exhalation.
Benefits
Vajrasana modifies the blood flow in the lower pelvic region. It increases the. efficiency of the digestive system. It helps to prevent acidity and ulcers by improving the digestion. It is a good meditative pose for those suffering from sciatica and severe lower back problems. Supta Vajrasana strengthens the muscles in back, neck and chest regions. It expands the chest and is good for lung problems.
Contraindications
Vajrasana should not be practised by those suffering from severe knee pain. This asana should be avoided by recent surgery patients of legs or waist. If feel any pain in the ankles during Vajrasana, release the pose and massage the ankle with the hands.
Hastasana Procedure
Hastasana is done in a standing posture. Start with standing in Tadasana and twist the arms in a way that the palms are positioned away from the torso along with thumbs facing backward. Inhale and along with it brush away your arms out and towards the roof. Bring the arms parallel to one another and then without bending the shoulders push the palms, tightly together. Expand the elbows completely and reach upwards. Then slightly slant your head backwards and look at the thumbs. The shoulder blades need to be slithered down the spine Exhale along with tilting the torso towards the front from the joints of the hip into standing in a forward bending position.
Benefits
It stretches the complete body and provides a good massage to the arms, spine, upper and lower back, ankles, hands, shoulders, calf muscles and thighs. It stretches the Organs of the stomach, and as a result enhances the digestive system and increases the capacity of the lungs. This asana helps in enhancing the blood circulation of the body. It helps in enhancing the body postures. It helps in alleviating nervousness and melancholy along with providing asenSe of Achievement. It helps in tightening the abdomen and helps in easing sciatica.
Contraindications In case of shoulder or neck injuries, experiencing dizziness’ While staring’upwards and in case of any other medical concerns. Trikonasana Procedure
This is done in a standing posture. Stand erect with feet about 3 feet apart with knees straight. Raise both the hands till they are in line with each other, parallel to the ground. Inhale when you are raising the hands. Now bend towards the right and slightly bend the knees and touch the right foot with the hands. Look up at the left hand. Exhale when you are bending down to touch the foot. Keep the eyes open throughout the practice. Return to the standing position. Repeat this with the left hand touching the left foot. Practise as many rounds as is comfortable.
Beneits
Strengthens the legs, knees, ankles, arms and chest. Stretches and opens the lower back region, groin area, hamstrings, calves, shoulders, chest and spine. Increases mental and physical equilibrium. Helps improve digestion. Reduces anxiety, stress, back pain and sciatica Contraindications. Avoid doing this if suffering from migraine, diarrhoea, neck and back injuries. Those with high blood pressure may do this pose but without raising their hand overhead, as this may further raise the blood pressure.
Ardha Matsyendrasana (Half Spinal Twist Pose] Procedure
This is done in a sitting posture. Sit with legs straight and stretched in front of you. Bend the right leg, lift it and place it on the left side of the stretched left foot. Bend the left leg and bring close to the body. Place it under the right buttocks. Take the left arm around the right leg and grab the toes of the right leg with the left hand. Now turn towards the right and simultaneously move the right hand behind the back. Twist the back and the neck as far right as possible. Exhale while twisting the back and neck. Breathe normally and slowly in this position. Repeat with the other leg.
Benefits
It is one of the best poses to improve the flexibility of the spine. It stimulates the liver and kidneys. It stretches the shoulders, hips and neck. It energises the spine. It stimulates the digestive fire in the belly. It relieves menstrual discomfort, fatigue, sciatica and backache. It is therapeutic for asthma and infertility.
Contraindications
Avoid during pregnancy and menstruation due to the strong twist in the abdomen. People with heart, abdominal or brain surgeries should avoid this asana. Avoid those who are having peptic ulcer or hernia. Those with severe spinal problems should avoid. Those with mild slipped disc can benefit but in severe cases it should be avoided.
Diabetes Diabetes is a better known lifestyle disease. It has become an epidemic worldwide. Yoga helps a lot to control and prevent this disease. Different asanas help to stimulate the production of insuline that helps in controlling diabetes. The asanas to control diabetes are Bhujangasana Procedure
This is done in lying posture. Lie on the stomach and rest forehead on the floor. Keep the feet and toes together and touch the ground. Place the hands at shoulder level and palms on floor. Inhale and lift the head, chest, abdomen and keep the navel on the floor take five breaths at least. Exhale slowly come down to rest with hands below the head slowly.
Benefits
It improves the blood circulation and energises the heart. It decreases menstrual irregularities in females. It strengthens muscles of chest, shoulders, arms and abdomen. It is effective in uterine disorder. It improves the function of reproductive organ. It improves the function of liver, kidney, pancreas and gall bladder. It helps to lose weight. It relieves menstrual discomfort and improves fertility. It reduces headache, anxiety, insomnia and sinusitis. It reduces abdominal fats and helps metabolism.
Contraindications
Pregnant women should avoid this asana. Avoid those who are suffering from slip disc or sciatica problem and asthma. Ulcer patients also avoid this asana.
Contraindications
Avoid during pregnancy. People having a hernia problem and backache should not do this asana. Avoid those who are suffering from ulcer, heart problem or any surgeries like spine and brain.
Paschimottanasana Procedure
This is done in sitting posture. Sit on the floor with the outstretched legs. Inhale and lengthen the abdomen then lift the chest. Exhale bend forwards from the hips. Keep the shoulders open and the head up. Reach forwards and hold the big toes in a lock with the middle and index fingers. Inhale, lengthen the torso, bring the sternum forward. Exhale, bring the chest and abdomen down to the thighs and the elbows out to the sides. Stay in this position for 5 deep breaths and relax the muscles while exhale. Focus on stretching the hamstrings rather than getting the head to the knees.
Benefits
It stretches hamstrings, spine, shoulders and hip joints. It massages the pancreas and improves It relieves menstrual discomfort and improves fertility. It reduces headache, anxiety, insomnia and sinusitis. It reduces abdominal fats and helps metabolism.
Contraindications
Pregnant women should avoid this asana. Avoid those who are suffering from slip disc or sciatica problem and asthma. Ulcer patients also avoid this asana.
Pawanmuktasana Procedure
This is done in lying position. Lie flat on the back and keep the legs, straight, relax breathe,deeply and regularly. Inhale slowly and lift the legs and bend in the knees. Bring upwards to the chest till the thigh touches to stomach. Hug the knees in place and lock the fingers. Place the nose tip between the knees. Exhale slowly and come back to the original position i,e. Shavasana. This is very beneficial for stomach as The results are very impressive.
Benefits
It cures acidity, indigestion and constipation. It is helpful for those suffering from. gastrointestinal problems, arthritis, pain, heart problems and waist pain. It strengthens back muscle and cures back pain. It is very beneficial for reproductive organs and for menstruation disorder.
Contraindications
Those who are suffering from high blood pressure, hernia, heart problems, slip disc and ulcer should avoid. During pregnancy and menstruation, women should avoid this.
digestion. Ardha Matsyendrasana Procedure
This is done in sitting posture. Sit straight with stretching the legs in front of you then fold the left leg properly. Place the ankle near the hip. Place the right leg towards the outside of the left knee on the ground. Keep straight the left hand, while taking it near the outside of the right knee and hold the right toe. Fold the right hand behind the back and look backwards. The same should be repeated in the alternate position from the other side also.
Benefits
It increases the flexibility and function of vertebrae of the spine. It helps to cure constipation and indigestion. It increases oxygen supply to the lungs. It is beneficial for slipped disc patients. It is helpful in treatment of diabetes, constipation, cervical, urinary, spinal problems.
Contraindications
Avoid during pregnancy and menstruation cycle. People with cardiac problem, abdominal or brain surgeries should avoid this asana. People having peptic ulcer or hernia should avoid. Avoid those who are having severe spinal problems and mild slipped disc.
Asthma Asthma is a universal chronic airway inflammatory disease of the air passage caused by excessive air sensitiveness and airflow obstruction. The disease can be managed, controlled and cured by performing various asanas that help in curing asthma. The asanas to control asthma are Sukasana Procedure
This is done in a sitting position. Sit cross legged on the floor or any other flat surface. Bring one foot over the opposite knee. Place both the palms on your knees and close your eyes. Breathe slowly and concentrate on the breathing pattern. Continue breathing in the same way for 5 minutes.
Benefits
It helps to make the back stronger and elongate the knees and ankles. It is beneficial for opening the muscles of groin, hips and the outer thighs. It relieves from physical and mental tiredness and eliminates worries from the person’s mind. It can relive from backache as well as pain. It is a good posture to sit for a long time.
Contraindications
In case of severe knee and back injury, it is required to sit over the folded blanket or take the assistance of the bolster or pillow. If face difficulties in this pose then try placing the blanket or bolster under the thighs.
Chakrasana Procedure
This is done in lying posture. Lie down properly and look upward. Bring the feet closer to the hips and bend knees upward; keep a distance of about one foot between the feet. Bring up the hands near to the ears and put the palms on the ground as the fingers facing on the shoulders. Gradually, lift up the body in air by balancing on feet and rotate the head backward along with hands slowly. Reach the final position by stretching the whole body to forming a position look like a semi-circle. Now maintain this position as longer as possible. To reach the normal position, slowly lower down the body to touch the ground and release the hands and feet.
Benefits
It helps to strengthen liver, pancreas, kidneys and heart. It is good for infertility, asthma and osteoporosis. It strengthens arms, shoulders, hands, wrists and legs buttocks, abdomen and spine. It stretches the chest and lungs. It helps to stimulate the thyroid and pituitary glands. It helps to increase energy and counteracts depression.
Contraindications
Those who are suffering from diarrhoea, heart problems and hernia should avoid this. Avoid during pregnancy. Avoid those who have wrist, ankles and spine pain. Hypertension or hypotension person should avoid this asana.
Gomukhasana Procedure
This is a standing asana. Stand straight with the feet together. Slowly lift the toes and place them back on the floor. Pull up the kneecaps and squeeze the thighs. Inhale and lift up from the waist. Breathe and hold for 4 to 8 breaths. Exhale and drop the shoulders down.
Benefits
It improves body posture and reduces flat feet problem. Knees, thighs and ankles become stronger. Buttocks and abdomen get toned. It helps to alleviate sciatica. It also makes spine more agile. It helps to increase height and improve balance. It regulates digestive, nervous and respiratory systems
Contraindications
Avoid during headaches. Avoid during insomnia. Avoid during low blood pressure.
Vajrasana
It is done in sitting posture. Stand on the knees with the lower legs together and stretched backwards, the two big toes crossing each other. Lower the body and sit on your heels. Rest your buttocks on the heels and the thighs on the calf muscles. Keep the hands on the knees and keep the head straight. Concentrate on breathing, start inhalation and exhalation.
Benefits
It enhances blood circulation. It helps to improve digestion. Food gets digested well if one sits in Vajjasana after taking meals. It relieves excessive gas trouble or pain. Nerves of legs and thighs are strengthened. It helps to make knee and ankle joints flexible. It prevents from certain rheumatic diseases.
Contraindications
Avoid if acute trouble or stiffness in foot, ankle and knees. Avoid during slip disc conditions.
Pawanmuktasana Procedure
This is done in lying position. Lie flat on the back and keep the legs straight, relax, breathe deeply and regularly. Inhale slowly and lift the legs and bend in the knees. Bring upwards to the chest till the thigh touches to stomach. Hug the knees in place and lock the fingers. Place the nose tip between the knees. Exhale slowly and come back to the original position i.e. Shavasana. This is very beneficial for stomach abs. The results are very impressive.
Benefits
It helps to strengthen the back. It massages the abdominal muscles. It helps in digestion. It reduces belly fat.
Contraindications
Those who are suffering from high blood pressure, hernia, heart problems, slip disc and ulcer should avoid. During pregnancy and menstruation, women should avoid this.
Ardha Chakrasana Procedure
This is a standing asana. Stand straight and arms alongside the body. Balance the weight equally on both feet. Breathing in, extend the arms overhead, palms facing each other. Bend backwards, push the pelvis forward, keeping the arms in line with the ears, elbows and knees straight, head up and lifting the chest towards the ceiling. Breathing out, bring the arms down and relax.
Benefits
It stretches the front upper torso. It tones the arms and shoulder muscles.
Contraindications
Avoid during headache. Avoid during serious back injury.
Bhujangasana Procedure
This is done in lying posture. Lie on the stomach and rest forehead on the floor. Keep the feet and toes together and touch the ground. Place the hands at shoulder level and palms on floor. Inhale and lift the head, chest, abdomen and keep the navel on the floor and take five breaths at least. Exhale slowly and come down to rest with hands below the head slowly.
Benefits
It increases immunity. It strengthens the back muscles and spinal cord. It helps to cure lumbago and lower back pain problems. It helps to cure kidney related diseases. It gives fast cure for disorders of ovaries in women.
Contraindications
Avoid during pregnancy. People having a hernia problem and backache should not do this asana. Avoid those who are suffering from ulcer, heart problem or any surgeries like spine and brain.
We hope the given CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Notes Chapter 3 Yoga and Lifestyle will help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Physical Education Class 12 Notes Chapter 3 Yoga and Lifestyle, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest. : Class 12 Physical Education Notes Chapter 3 Yoga and Lifestyle
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Contents
What do you mean by obesity in physical education?
Obesity: Causes, Types, Prevention & Definition Coming to a Cleveland Clinic location? Obesity is commonly defined as having too much body mass. A BMI of 30 or higher is the usual benchmark for obesity in adults. A BMI of 40 or higher is considered severe (formerly “morbid”) obesity. Childhood obesity is measured against growth charts. Obesity has direct and indirect effects on many body systems. Obesity is a complex, chronic disease with several causes that lead to excessive body fat and sometimes, poor health. Body fat itself is not a disease, of course. But when your body has too much extra fat, it can change the way it functions.
- These changes are progressive, can worsen over time, and they can lead to adverse health effects.
- The good news is that you can improve your health risks by losing some of your excess body fat.
- Even small changes in weight can have a big impact on your health.
- Not every weight loss method works for everyone.
Most people have tried to lose weight more than once. And keeping the weight off is just as important as losing it in the first place.
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What is obesity for class 12th?
Obesity is a disorder in which excessive body fat has accumulated that increases the of health problems. It occurs when the body mass index is 25 or greater.
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What is obesity and its causes Class 12?
Obesity is generally caused by eating too much and moving too little. If you consume high amounts of energy, particularly fat and sugars, but do not burn off the energy through exercise and physical activity, much of the surplus energy will be stored by the body as fat.
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What is the definition of obesity?
WHO/Yoshi Shimizu Early morning exercise in the Rizal Park in Manila city, Philippines. © Credits Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. A body mass index (BMI) over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese.
- The issue has grown to epidemic proportions, with over 4 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese in 2017 according to the global burden of disease.
- Rates of overweight and obesity continue to grow in adults and children.
- From 1975 to 2016, the prevalence of overweight or obese children and adolescents aged 5–19 years increased more than four-fold from 4% to 18% globally.
Obesity is one side of the double burden of malnutrition, and today more people are obese than underweight in every region except sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Once considered a problem only in high-income countries, overweight and obesity are now dramatically on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings.
The vast majority of overweight or obese children live in developing countries, where the rate of increase has been more than 30% higher than that of developed countries Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease and stroke, which are the leading causes of death worldwide.
Being overweight can also lead to diabetes and its associated conditions, including blindness, limb amputations, and the need for dialysis. Rates of diabetes have quadrupled since around the world since 1980. Carrying excess weight can lead to musculoskeletal disorders including osteoarthritis.
- Obesity is also associated with some cancers, including endometrial, breast, ovarian, prostate, liver, gallbladder, kidney and colon.
- The risk of these noncommunicable diseases increases even when a person is only slightly overweight and grows more serious as the body mass index (BMI) climbs.
- Obesity in childhood is associated with a wide range of serious health complications and an increased risk of premature onset of related illnesses.
Studies have found that without intervention, children and adolescents with obesity will likely continue to be obese into adulthood. Many of the causes of overweight and obesity are preventable and reversable. However, no country has yet to reverse the growth of this epidemic.
Although other factors are involved, the fundamental cause of obesity is an imbalance of calories consumed and calories expended. As global diets have changed in recent decades, there has been an increase in the consumption of energy-dense foods high in fat and free sugars. There has also been a decrease in physical activity due to the changing nature of many types of work, more access to transportation and increased urbanization.
Lowering the risk of overweight and obesity includes reducing the number of calories consumed from fats and sugars, increasing the portion of daily intake of fruit, vegetables, legumes, whole grains and nuts, and engaging in regular physical activity (60 minutes per day for children and 150 minutes per week for adults).
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What is the introduction of obesity?
Facts about overweight and obesity – Some recent WHO global estimates follow.
In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 years and older were overweight. Of these over 650 million adults were obese.In 2016, 39% of adults aged 18 years and over (39% of men and 40% of women) were overweight.Overall, about 13% of the world’s adult population (11% of men and 15% of women) were obese in 2016. The worldwide prevalence of obesity nearly tripled between 1975 and 2016.
In 2019, an estimated 38.2 million children under the age of 5 years were overweight or obese. Once considered a high-income country problem, overweight and obesity are now on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings.
In Africa, the number of overweight children under 5 has increased by nearly 24% percent since 2000. Almost half of the children under 5 who were overweight or obese in 2019 lived in Asia. Over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were overweight or obese in 2016. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 5-19 has risen dramatically from just 4% in 1975 to just over 18% in 2016.
The rise has occurred similarly among both boys and girls: in 2016 18% of girls and 19% of boys were overweight. While just under 1% of children and adolescents aged 5-19 were obese in 1975, more 124 million children and adolescents (6% of girls and 8% of boys) were obese in 2016.
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What is obesity in a sentence?
Top Definitions Quiz Related Content Examples Scientific
This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity. / oʊˈbi sɪ ti / See the most commonly confused word associated with anorexia This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity. noun the condition of being very fat or overweight; corpulence: His obesity puts him at risk for major health problems.
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What is obesity its causes and effects?
Obesity is a complex disease that occurs when an individual’s weight is higher than what is considered healthy for his or her height. Obesity affects children as well as adults. Many factors can contribute to excess weight gain including eating patterns, physical activity levels, and sleep routines. Social determinants of health, genetics, and taking certain medications also play a role.
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When did who define obesity?
Abstract – The recognition of obesity as a disease was in theory established in 1948 by WHO’s (World Health Organization) taking on the International Classification of Diseases but the early highlighting of the potential public health problem in the United States and the United Kingdom 35 years ago was considered irrelevant elsewhere.
The medical profession disregarded obesity as important despite the new evidence and WHO data set out in the 1980s. Only in 1995 did WHO find greater problems of overweight than underweight in many developing countries but it required the first special obesity consultation in 1997 and particularly the Millennium burden of disease analyses to suddenly highlight its crucial role in the current unmanageable and escalating medical costs globally.
Governments now recognize the overwhelming industrial developments that guarantee an escalating epidemic but neither they nor WHO know how to engage in changing the societal framework to promote routine spontaneous physical activity and a transformation of the food system so that low energy-density food of high nutrient quality becomes the norm.
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What is obesity in Class 11?
Obesity is a condition that occurs in an individual due to excess accumulation of fat due to a fat-rich diet. If a person’s body weight is at least 20% higher than it should be, he or she is considered obese.
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What is weight and obesity?
Adult BMI Calculator
| BMI | Weight Status |
|---|---|
| Below 18.5 | Underweight |
| 18.5—24.9 | Healthy Weight |
| 25.0—29.9 | Overweight |
| 30.0 and Above | Obesity |
What is the definition of obesity PDF?
Introduction: Obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to the health. The main cause of weight gain and obesity is the imbalance between the amount of calories you take in and the calories you burn.
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How can we reduce obesity?
Obesity Prevention Strategies 
The fact that the obesity epidemic didn’t flash over countries like a wildfire-rather it smoldered and then slowly grew year after year-has made it even more difficult to combat, since its causes have become so intertwined into the social, environmental, and governmental fabric.
- Yet efforts to combat obesity-primarily through prevention-are beginning to gain traction, if by a step at a time.
- To realize real strides, though, positive change must come to all parts of society: from governments and schools, businesses and non-profit organization, neighborhoods and communities, individuals and families.
We need to change policies and create an environment where the default option is the healthy choice. Evidence shows that obesity prevention policy and environmental change efforts should focus on facilitating a handful of key behaviors:
This section of the website summarizes promising strategies for obesity prevention, based on a review of expert guidance from major governmental, professional, and public health advocacy organizations. Inside, you will find high-level recommendations for changes in key settings-families, early childcare, schools, worksites, healthcare organizations-and for broad, community-wide changes in the food and activity environments that can help make healthy choices easier choices, for all. Each page also includes links to toolkits, guidelines, and other useful resources for putting these obesity prevention strategies into practice. Over time, we will add new obesity prevention strategies, recommendations, and resources as more evidence emerges. Keep in mind that these obesity prevention recommendations are based primarily on a review of U.S. expert guidance, unless otherwise indicated; in other countries, different policy approaches may be needed to achieve improvements in food and physical activity environments.Choosing healthier foods (whole grains, fruits and vegetables, healthy fats and protein sources) and beverages Limiting unhealthy foods (refined grains and sweets, potatoes, red meat, processed meat) and beverages (sugary drinks) Increasing physical activity Limiting television time, screen time, and other “sit time” Improving sleep Reducing stress
: Obesity Prevention Strategies
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How does obesity affect the body?
Weight Problems Take a Hefty Toll on Body and Mind – In the old spiritual, “Dem Bones,” each body part is linked to the next one in line: the thigh bone to the knee bone, the knee bone to the leg bone, and so on. But one body “part”-weight-is connected to virtually all of the others.
- A healthy weight sets the stage for bones, muscles, brain, heart, and others to play their parts smoothly and efficiently for many years.
- Excess weight, especially obesity, diminishes almost every aspect of health, from reproductive and respiratory function to memory and mood.
- Obesity increases the risk of several debilitating, and deadly diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers.
It does this through a variety of pathways, some as straightforward as the mechanical stress of carrying extra pounds and some involving complex changes in hormones and metabolism. Obesity decreases the quality and length of life, and increases individual, national, and global healthcare costs.
The good news, though, is that weight loss can curtail some obesity-related risks. (1) Losing as little as 5 to 10 percent of body weight offers meaningful health benefits to people who are obese, even if they never achieve their “ideal” weight, and even if they only begin to lose weight later in life.
Entire books have been written detailing the effects of obesity on various measures of health. This article briefly summarizes associations between obesity and adult health.
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What is obesity Class 6 Ncert?
EXTRA QUESTIONS for Class 6 Science Chapter 2 – Class 6 Science Chapter 2 VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1. Do all meals consist of the same food items? Ans: No, all meals do not have the same food items.2. Why should a meal have different food items? Ans: A meal should have different food items because our body needs different kinds of nutrients for proper functioning.3.
Do all foods contain all the required nutrients? Ans: No, all foods do not contain sill the nutrients required by our body.4. Name two main types of carbohydrates found in our food. Ans: (i) Starch (ii) Sugar 5. What are carbohydrates? Ans: The compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which provide energy for our body are called carbohydrates.6.
What happens when two or more drops of iodine solution fall on starch substance? Ans: The colour of the substance becomes blue-black.7. If any food item gives blue-black colour with iodine then which nutrient is present in the food? Ans: Starch.8. Name two substances which provide carbohydrates.
- Ans: (i) Potato (ii) Rice/wheat/maize/sugar 9.
- Name the food nutrient indicated by an oily patch on paper.
- Ans: An oily patch on paper shows the presence of fat.10.
- Name two energy-providing nutrients.
- Ans: (i) Carbohydrates (ii) Fats 11.
- Name a nutrient which helps in repairing the damaged body cells.
- Ans: Proteins.12.
Name two nutrients which protect the body from diseases. Ans: (i) Vitamins (ii) Minerals 13. Name two plant food items which provide proteins. Ans: (i) Dal (pulses) (ii) Soyabean 14. Name two sources of proteins provided by animals. Ans: (i) Milk (ii) Eggs 15.
- Vitamin A,
- Vitamin B-complex,
- Vitamin C,
- Vitamin D,
- Vitamin E,
- Vitamin K.
18. Name a vitamin which represents a group of vitamins. Ans: Vitamin B-complex.19. Name two sources of Vitamin A. Ans: (i) Fish-oil (ii) Milk 20. Write two sources of Vitamin B. Ans: (i) Liver (ii) Beans 21. Write two sources of Vitamin C. Ans: (i) Orange/lime (ii) Amla 22.
Write two sources of Vitamin D. Ans: (i) Fish (ii) Butter 23. What is roughage? Ans. The food containing plant fibres which sure also known as dietary fibres is called roughage.24. What is the main Function of roughage? Ans: The main function of roughage is to help our body get rid of undigested food.25.
Name some food items which provide roughage. Ans: Whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables are the main sources of roughage. Class 6 Science Chapter 2 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1. What are nutrients? Name major nutrients. Ans: The components of food which are needed by our body for growth and development are called nutrients.
- The major nutrients are: (i) Carbohydrates (ii) Fats (iii) Proteins (iv) Vitamins (v) Minerals 2.
- What are the functions of carbohydrates? Ans: They complete the energy requirements of the body so they are called energy providing food.3.
- Write test for detecting the presence of starch.
- Ans: Take a piece of the food item.
Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it. If the colour of the food item becomes blue-black, then it indicates the presence of starch in the food item. (i) Food + Iodine — Blue-black colour (starch present) (ii) Food + Iodine — No blue-black colour (no starch present) 4.
What are the functions of proteins? Ans: Proteins are the most important nutrient. They are called body-building food. They help in the growth and repair of damaged cells and tissues of the body. They also help our body to fight against infections. Proteins make our nails, hair and muscles.5. How can you test presence of proteins in a given food item? Ans: Take a small quantity of the food item.
If the sample is solid, grind it. Put some part of this in a clean test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake the test tube. Now, with the help of a dropper, add two drops of solution of copper sulphate and 10 drops of solution of caustic soda to the test tube.
- Shake well and place the test tube in test tube stand for a few minutes.
- Observe colour of the contents of test tube.
- If colour of the contents turns violet, the food item contains protein.
- Note: Copper sulphate and caustic soda solutions are harmful.
- Handle them with care.
- Food + water + copper sulphate + caustic soda → violet colour → protein is present.6.
What are fats? Name some fat-containing substances. Ans: The energy rich sources of food are called fats. They provide energy to the body. All types of nuts, mustard seeds, milk and butter are the major sources of fat. Like carbohydrates, fats also contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but fats contain less oxygen than carbohydrates.7.
Write test for detecting, presence of fat. Ans: Take small quantity of the food item. Rub it on a piece of white paper. Observe carefully, you will find that the piece of white paper shows an oily patch on it which indicates that the food item contains fat.8. What are vitamins? Write various kinds of vitamins.
Ans: They are protective compounds with no energy value. They help in proper body functioning and are required by the body in very small quantities. Various kinds of vitamins are—Vitamin A, Vitamin B-complex, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and Vitamin K.9.
- People who eat sea-food do not suffer from Goitre. Explain.
- Ans: It is so because sea-food is a rich source of Iodine and Goitre is a deficiency disease caused due to lack of Iodine.10.
- Excess intake of fats is harmful for the body because it causes obesity.
- Would it be harmful for the body to take too much of proteins or vitamins in the diet? Ans.
Yes, excess intake of proteins and vitamins in the diet is harmful and may lead to other diseases.11. Name the vitamin that our body prepares in the presence of sunlight. Ans: Vitamin D.12. Name a vitamin that is not present in milk. Ans: Vitamin C.13. A patient had stunted growth, swelling on face, discolouration of hair and skin disease.
- Doctor advised him to eat a lot of pulses, grams, egg white, milk etc.
- What is wrong with the patient? Explain.
- Ans: The intake of protein is not enough in his diet and all these symptoms are caused due to deficiency of proteins.14.
- A small child became very thin and lean and later he became so weak that he could not move.
Which nutrients should he eat so as to improve his health? Ans: Both carbohydrates and proteins.15. What are the functions of minerals? Ans: Minerals are protective part of foods occurring naturally and are needed by our body in small amount. Minerals are essential for proper growth of the body and to maintain good health.
They do not provide energy. Milk, salt, eggs and green leafy vegetables are the main sources of minerals.16. Write the functions of water in our body. Ans: Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from the food. It also helps in removing the waste from the body in the form of urine and sweat. We get water from various types of liquids, fruits and vegetables.17.
What is obesity? Ans: When a person eats too much fat-containing foods, then the fat gets deposited in his body and he may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.18. What are deficiency diseases? Ans: When a person eats such a food continuously for a long time which may not contain a particular nutrient, then this condition is called deficiency of that nutrient.
- Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our body.
- Such type of diseases are known as deficiency diseases.
- Class 6 Science Chapter 2 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1.
- List various types of nutrients and write the functions of each. Ans.
- The various types of nutrients are: (i) Carbohydrates: They are mainly energy-providing nutrients.
(ii) Fats: They provide energy for the body. They give much more energy than carbohydrates if consumed in same amount. (iii) Proteins: They are called body-building foods. Proteins help in the formation and repairing of body parts. Skin, hair, muscles, enzymes are made up of proteins.
- Iv) Vitamins: Vitamins help in protecting our body against disease.
- They also protect eyes, bones, teeth and gums.
- V) Minerals: Minerals are essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health.2.
- What is a balanced diet? Write the components of balanced diet.
- Ans: A diet which provides the right proportion of all the nutrients that our body needs along with roughage and water is called balanced diet.
The various components of balanced diet are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, roughage and water.3. Prepare a chart to show various vitamins and minerals and the disorders caused by their deficiency. : NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Components of Food
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What is obesity Class 1 mean?
These ranges of BMI are used to describe levels of risk: Overweight (not obese), if BMI is 25.0 to 29.9. Class 1 (low-risk) obesity, if BMI is 30.0 to 34.9. Class 2 (moderate-risk) obesity, if BMI is 35.0 to 39.9. Class 3 (high-risk) obesity, if BMI is equal to or greater than 40.0.
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