Who Started English Education In India?
On this day in 1835, Lord Macaulay successfully westernised education in India; English was made the official language for the government and courts, and was adopted as the official medium of instruction. – Macaulay v/s traditional languages : Ever wondered why we use UK English in India? Thomas Babington, better known as Lord Macaulay, is the man who brought the English language and British education to India. His highly debatable introduction of the English language and the approach to minimalise the use of traditional languages makes an interesting read.
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Who introduced English education in India?
I In India Thomas Babington Macaulay is fully credited with the official introduction of English education, though the necessary order on the subject was issued by Bentinck, the Governor-General of India, on 7 March 1835 after going through a long rhetorical minute written by the former on 2 February 1835 at the
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When did India start teaching English?
History – The English language established a foothold in India with the granting of the East India Company charter by Queen Elizabeth I in 1600 and the subsequent establishment of trading ports in coastal cities such as Surat, Bombay (called Mumbai since 1995), Madras (called Chennai since 1996), and Calcutta (called Kolkata since 2001).
- English-language public instruction began in India in the 1830s during the rule of the British East India Company (India was then, and is today, one of the most linguistically diverse regions of the world ).
- In 1835, English replaced Persian as the official language of the East India Company.
- Lord Macaulay played a major role in introducing English and Western concepts into educational institutions in India.
He supported the replacement of Persian by English as the official language, the use of English as the medium of instruction in all schools, and the training of English-speaking Indians as teachers. Throughout the 1840s and 1850s, primary, middle, and high schools were opened in many districts of British India, with most high schools offering English language instruction in some subjects.
- In 1857, just before the end of East India Company rule, universities that were modeled on the University of London and used English as the medium of instruction were established in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras.
- During the British Raj (1858 to 1947), English-language penetration increased throughout India.
This was driven in part by the gradually increasing hiring of Indians in the civil services, At the time of India’s independence in 1947, English was the only functional lingua franca in the country. After Indian Independence in 1947, Hindi was declared the first official language, and attempts were made to declare Hindi the sole national language of India.
- Due to protests from Tamil Nadu and other non-Hindi-speaking states, it was decided to temporarily retain English for official purposes until at least 1965.
- By the end of this period, however, opposition from non-Hindi states was still too strong to have Hindi declared the sole language.
- With this in mind, the English Language Amendment Bill declared English to be an associate language “until such time as all non-Hindi States had agreed to its being dropped.” This has not yet occurred, and English is still widely used.
For instance, it is the only reliable means of day-to-day communication between the central government and the non-Hindi states. The view of the English language among many Indians has changed over time. It used to be associated primarily with colonialism; it is now primarily associated with economic progress, and English continues to be an official language of India.
While there is an assumption that English is readily available in India, studies show that its usage is actually restricted to the elite, because of inadequate education to large parts of the Indian population. The use of outdated teaching methods and the poor grasp of English exhibited by the authors of many guidebooks disadvantage students who rely on these books, giving India only a moderate proficiency in English.
In addition, many features of Indian English were imported into Bhutan due to the dominance of Indian-style education and teachers in the country after it withdrew from its isolation in the 1960s.
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Why did British start English education in India?
1813 Act & the Education – 1. Charles Grant and William Wilberforce, who was missionary activists, compelled the East India Company to give up its non-invention policy and make way for spreading education through English in order to teach western literature and preach Christianity.
Hence, the British Parliament added a clause in the 1813 charter that Governor-General-in-Council less than one lakh for education and allowed the Christian Missionaries to spread their religious ideas in India.2. Act had its own importance because it was the first instance that British East India Company acknowledged for the promotion of education in India.3.
With the efforts of R.R.M Roy, the Calcutta College was established for imparting Western education. Also, three Sanskrit colleges were set up at Calcutta.
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Who was the first English teacher in India?
| First edition of The English Teacher by R.K. Narayan | |
| Author | R.K. Narayan |
|---|---|
| Country | India |
| Language | English |
| Genre | autobiographical novel |
| Published | 1945 Eyre & Spottiswoode |
| Media type | |
| Pages | 184 |
| OCLC | 6305085 |
| Dewey Decimal | 823 |
| LC Class | PR9499.3.N3 E5 1980 |
| Preceded by | The Bachelor of Arts and Malgudi Days |
| Followed by | Mr. Sampath – The Printer of Malgudi |
The English Teacher is a 1945 novel written by R.K. Narayan, It is a part of a series of novels and collections of short stories set in “Malgudi”. The English Teacher was preceded by Swami and Friends (1935), The Bachelor of Arts (1937) and Malgudi Days, (1943) and followed by Mr.
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Which is the first English school in India?
Reading Time: 4 minutes From the beautiful campuses to the immaculate reputation, there are plenty of reasons why you might want to study at one of the oldest schools in India, From ancient times, India has been a centre of education. It has given the world some of the oldest and prestigious institutions. 
It is the oldest school in the country. The school was founded in 1715 as the Military Male Orphan Asylum. It is committed to providing education to students with different backgrounds and cultures. The classroom block and the chapel are the part of the heritage structures of the city. 
It is a school of excellence worldwide. The school was developed by Lord Walsh. The school started as a center for soldier’s children by French. This was later changed into a missionary, to a hospital and then to a hospital. St.Johns Vestry Anglo Indian School, Trichy – 1763 
It was established by the British as an orphanage for British soldiers’ children. Later on, it was converted into a school. It gets the name vestry as the classes were held at the St’ John’s church’s vestry room. It also has boarding facilities. There is a separate building for Montessori facilities. St. Thomas’ School, Kolkata – 1789 
Located in Kidderpore, Kolkata, the school has the largest campus in Kolkata. It is also the home of St. Thomas’s College of Engineering & Technology. The motto of the school is- Nisi Dominus Frustra (Except the Lord, effort in vain). The students are called Thomasites and Thomasinas. Hooghly Collegiate School – 1812 It is one of the oldest schools in West Bengal. The current building of the school was completed in 1956-57. The oldest building was owned by Hazi Mohammad Mohsin. There is a rumour that there is a secret passage running below the old building. The purpose of this is still unknown. Christ Church School – 1815 Located in Mumbai, the school is under the Bombay Education Society. Barnes School in Deolaji is the twin school of Christ Church. It is affiliated to ICSE. It has a large campus. There is an average of 25 students in kindergarten and about 45 students in 10th. In 2008, a junior college was introduced with courses in science, commerce, and arts. Hindu School, Kolkata – 1817 Located in Kolkata, it is a government-administered school. It was established on 20th January 1817. The school was founded by Raja Rammohan Roy, Baidyanath Mukhopadhyay, David Hare, Radhakanta Deb, Sir Edward Hyde East, and Rasamay Dutt. The school, affiliated to WBCHSE and WBBSE, has many notable alumni like Satyendra Nath Bose, Maghnad Saha, Satyendranath Tagore, Rajendralal Mitra, etc. It is an all-boys school. Affiliated to the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education and West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, the school was founded by David Hare, a Scottish watchmaker. The original name of the school was Arpuli Pathshala. It is an all-boys boarding school. The school was founded by Archdeacon Corrie. Later, it was moved to its current location in 1864. At that time, it was the world’s highest school (7,600 ft. above sea level). It is also known as Eton of the East because it is the only Eton fives court existing outside England. 
It is the oldest school of the Agency for French Education Abroad (AEFE) network. It is the first international school in India. The school has been committed to the history of the town. The syllabus is approved by the French Ministry of Education. The subjects are taught in English and Tamil.
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Who is known as father of English language in India?
| Published 07.12.12, 12:00 AM Macaulay: Pioneer of India’s Modernization By Zareer Masani, Random House, Rs 450 Zareer Masani’s immensely readable biography of Thomas Babington, Lord Macaulay comes at this time of significant policy focus on quality in state-funded education and amidst a healthy public discourse on the uses of English as a skill, at par with basic literacy, numeracy and IT skills.
- Digging deep into contemporary historical records, letters, parliamentary proceedings and speeches, and East India Company documents, Masani sets out to restore and repair Macaulay’s rather edgy reputation in India and abroad.
- Rather cheekily, the book jacket says, “If you’re an Indian reading this book in English, it’s probably because of Thomas Macaulay.” The focus of the biography in the first half is very much on historical ephemera, with Masani trying to prepare the ground for the more contentious issues and debates, which are indeed Macaulay’s legacy not just to the Indian but also to much of world history.
A child prodigy egged on by his “high-minded social reformer” father, Zachary, Macaulay’s remarkable intellectual progress in the early years was somewhat scarred by his odd looks. The historian Thomas Carlyle, while acknowledging his intellectual brilliance, could not help but stick in the cruel words: “intrinsically common a short squat thickset man of vulgar appearance.” Observations like these quite literally make the biography a rounded one, but, at the same time, one gets the feeling that sometimes Masani has got carried away by such trivia.
The narrative keeps coming back to Macaulay’s appearance a few time times too many. Macaulay remained a bachelor all his life and Masani has it on the good authority of Lytton Strachey that this may have something to do with his physical appearance. And he remained unnaturally close to two of his five sisters, Margaret and Hannah, and his friend, Thomas Flower Ellis (“there is no evidence that their friendship was sexual”).
He emotionally blackmailed Hannah to accompany with him to India and went through emotional turmoil when she got married to Charles Trevelyan and eventually prevailed upon the couple to stay at his official residence in Calcutta (the site where the Bengal Club stands today).
Justifiably, Masani lavishes most of his attention on Macaulay’s India years as the commissioner of the Board of Control, which managed the affairs of the country on behalf of the Crown, and also as a law member of the Supreme Court, largely as a reward for his contribution on the floor of the parliament in pushing through the 1832 Reform Act.
Along the way, Masani painstakingly puts together the making of Macaulay as a Utilitarian thinker and a Whig ideologue. The greatest strengths of this biography are in viewing the achievements of Macaulay as a whole (and not isolating the education minutes or the Indian Penal Code for separate analysis) and then framing these feats in the context of their times as well as the subject’s own considerable prejudices.
Masani is perhaps the first to link the education minutes to Macaulay’s support for the so-called Black Act, the drafting of the Indian Penal Code, the opening up of the Civil Services to Indians selected on merit and making the explicit case that they were all part of one intellectual project that linked education to rights to citizenship.
The biography shows Macaulay both as a product of the social churning that allowed his spectacular rise from an ordinary middle class background to the very pinnacle of Victorian society and as an agent catalysing and accelerating that very change. The book does justice to a complex and contrarian character of dazzling intellectual honesty.
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Who was the first English teacher in India?
| First edition of The English Teacher by R.K. Narayan | |
| Author | R.K. Narayan |
|---|---|
| Country | India |
| Language | English |
| Genre | autobiographical novel |
| Published | 1945 Eyre & Spottiswoode |
| Media type | |
| Pages | 184 |
| OCLC | 6305085 |
| Dewey Decimal | 823 |
| LC Class | PR9499.3.N3 E5 1980 |
| Preceded by | The Bachelor of Arts and Malgudi Days |
| Followed by | Mr. Sampath – The Printer of Malgudi |
The English Teacher is a 1945 novel written by R.K. Narayan, It is a part of a series of novels and collections of short stories set in “Malgudi”. The English Teacher was preceded by Swami and Friends (1935), The Bachelor of Arts (1937) and Malgudi Days, (1943) and followed by Mr.
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Why English education was introduced in India?
The view expressed above makes it clear that English was the language of the rulers in India, and as a colonial subject we had no other choice but to learn English. In this way the language started gaining roots in India. opinions, in morals and in intellect (Macaulay 1835).
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